EQUIPMENT BASIC NURSING

NURSING BASIC INSTRUMENTS

Equipment and instruments are objects or devices developed to facilitate the completion of a task, were designed and manufactured for specific purposes, so they are artifacts with a technical function, which require proper handling, both in conservation cleaning, disinfection or sterilization, according to the request, and in use.

REFLEX HAMMER

It is a percussion instrument, specifically used in the neurological assessment.

The stethoscope and stethoscope

an acoustic device is used to facilitate indirect auscultation of some lung, intestinal, circulatory sound, by intensifying the sounds.

The sphygmomanometer or blood pressure.

the measuring instrument is used to measure blood pressure via a non-invasive method was called indirect measurement of blood pressure.

THE THERMOMETER 

The thermometer is the instrument used in the measurement of body temperature. Thermometers used most often Celsius or centigrade thermometer scale, so markings are visible in the range of 32 º C to 42 º C (degrees Celsius) with subdivisions in tenths of degree and more visible every 0.5 ° C.

THE LANTERN

The lantern is a portable lighting, battery powered or electric batteries. A small flashlight or even a source of light, they become part of the equipment required for the physical evaluation of the individual. Usually flashlight is used to examine the pupillary reaction to light, sinus transillumination practice, assess oropharynx, skin, mucous membranes, among others.

HAND WASH

HAND WASH

Removing all dirt and contaminants from the skin is of utmost importance. Hands and other parts of the body dirty should be cleaned at least the end of the workday, before breaks or when we go to the service.

The correct cleaning method is also important. Develop proper technique for hand washing is essential to ensure that your hands are completely clean. Pay special attention to the back of the hands and fingertips, as are often forgotten. 

Usual wet hands before applying a dose of soap in the hand basin, however, if you have very dirty hands is advisable to apply the appropriate cleaner specific hands directly on the skin before wetting them. In any case, it is important to follow the manufacturer's recommended instructions.

1. Rub hands palm to palm	2.Rubbing the back of his hand, palm, fingers intertwined	3. Palm to palm,with fingers interlaced
4. Interlace fingers inside the palms	5. Rub the palm with the thumb in a circular hand firmly grasping	6. Rub the palm with fingers in a circular hand firmly grasping

Always dry the skin to prevent cracking, especially in cold weather. Always have on hand towels, dirty towels expose the skin to more dirt and a risk of infection. Towels would ideally be a single use, since with the use of shared towels is the possibility of contamination.

ORAL HYGIENE

ORAL HYGIENE IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR HEALTH TEETH , MOUTH AND THE AGENCY IN GENERAL HABIT 

The best way to prevent periodontal disease and caries, responsible for tooth loss , is the use of the toothbrush , the floss or brush and regular visits to the dentist.

TEETH

There are some hard parts that are embedded in the jawbone. Perform mechanical part of digestion to cut and grind food .

FOR GOOD HEALTH

- Visit your dentist twice a year.

- Cleaned teeth thoroughly after each meal .

 - Do not eat sweets or sugary drinks usually between meals and reduce consumption during them

 - Chew your food well to avoid depositing debris between teeth.

 - Eating a diet that is rich in calcium and protein.

TYPES OF TEETH

incisors :

Are the front teeth of the mouth, its function is to cut food , reason why the edges are flat and sharp.

 dogs:

 They are used to tear food . Its visible portion is cone shaped . Its roots are large.

premolars

 Its function is to tear and grind food . They have two cusps and one or two roots .

molars:

Have four or five cusps and are responsible for chewing and grinding food. The upper molars have three roots and the lower two .

HYGIENE TECHNIQUES

-Toothbrushing.

  -Silk and Floss.

 -Rinses.

-Electric toothbrushes.

  -Clean languages​​.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BRUSH

A brush should be of an appropriate size to the mouth , as this allows easy access to all places and yet better handling this . Should not be too hard to avoid damage to the gums.

A GOOD BRUSHING TECHNIQUE

Place the brush at an angle of 45 °. The filaments entering the space linking the tooth and gum . Exert a smooth motion . Brush each tooth at least 10 seconds before moving to the next.

To clean the upper and lower surface, place the brush vertically with smooth movement up and down the filaments penetrate the gum line and between teeth.

Brush the chewing surface of a forth motion . Do not forget to brush the palate and tongue to complete oral hygiene.

 Brushing your teeth removes plaque and other food waste , preventing cavities and periodontal disease.

REMEMBER THAT YOU MUST VISIT THE DENTIST AT LEAST TWICE A YEAR AND MAKE A GOOD HYGIENE . OR DO YOU WANT TO END WELL .....